How to Pay for Medical School (and what loans to borrow first)| Edvisors

Funding medical school can be tough, with most students needing loans to manage the costs. Beyond tuition, there are often unexpected expenses like residency and relocation. While the path to becoming a doctor is costly, there are plenty of loans, scholarships, and grants available to help. We admire your dedication to this profession and are here to support you with strategies to reduce debt and choose the best financial aid options as you begin your journey to becoming a doctor.

Best Private Student Loans for Medical School

Fixed APR 3.49% - 15.99%¹

Variable APR 4.54% - 14.71%¹

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Choose the #1 Private Student Loan Lender in the Nation. Sallie Mae is trusted by more families than any other private student loan lender.
Applying online is easy - you could receive a credit result in about 10 minutes.²

Borrow Responsibly

We encourage students and families to start with savings, grants, scholarships, and federal student loans to pay for college. Students and families should evaluate all anticipated monthly loan payments, and how much the student expects to earn in the future, before considering a private student loan.

Explore federal loans and compare to make sure you understand the terms and features. Private student loans that have variable rates can go up over the life of the loan. Federal student loans are required by law to provide a range of flexible repayment options, including, but not limited to, income -based repayment and income-contingent repayment plans, and loan forgiveness and deferment benefits, which other student loans are not required to provide. Federal loans generally have origination fees, but are available to students regardless of income.

Loans for Undergraduate & Career Training Students are not intended for graduate students and are subject to credit approval, identity verification, signed loan documents, and school certification. Student must attend a participating school. Student or cosigner must meet the age of majority in their state of residence. Students who are not U.S. citizens or U.S. permanent residents must reside in the U.S., attend school in the U.S., apply with a creditworthy cosigner (who must be a U.S. citizen or U.S. permanent resident), and provide an unexpired government-issued photo ID. Requested loan amount must be at least $1,000.

¹Advertised APRs for undergraduate students assume a $10,000 loan to a student who attends school for 4 years and has no prior Sallie Mae-serviced loans. Interest rates for variable rate loans may increase or decrease over the life of the loan based on changes to the 30-day Average Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) rounded up to the nearest one-eighth of one percent. Advertised variable rates are the starting range of rates and may vary outside of that range over the life of the loan. Interest is charged starting when funds are sent to the school. With the Fixed and Deferred Repayment Options, the interest rate is higher than with the Interest Repayment Option and Unpaid Interest is added to the loan’s Current Principal at the end of the grace/separation period. To receive a 0.25 percentage point interest rate discount, the borrower or cosigner must enroll in auto debit through Sallie Mae. The discount applies only during active repayment for as long as the Current Amount Due or Designated Amount is successfully withdrawn from the authorized bank account each month. It may be suspended during forbearance or deferment.

²Although we do not charge a penalty or fee if you prepay your loan, any prepayment will be applied as outlined in your promissory note-first to Unpaid Fees and costs, then to Unpaid Interest, and then to Current Principal.

³Based on a comparison of the percentage of students who were approved with a cosigner to the percentage of students who were approved without a cosigner from October 1, 2022 to September 30, 2023.

⁴For applications submitted directly to Sallie Mae, loan amount cannot exceed the cost of attendance less financial aid received, as certified by the school. Applications submitted to Sallie Mae through a partner website will be subject to a lower maximum loan request amount. Miscellaneous personal expenses (such as a laptop) may be included in the cost of attendance for students enrolled at least half-time.

Information advertised valid as of 04/17/2025.

Edvisors is not the creditor for these loans and is compensated by Sallie Mae for the referral of Sallie Mae loan customers.

SALLIE MAE RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR DISCONTINUE PRODUCTS, SERVICES, AND BENEFITS AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE.

© 2025 Sallie Mae Bank. Sallie Mae loans are made by Sallie Mae Bank. Sallie Mae, the Sallie Mae logo, and other Sallie Mae names and logos are service marks or registered service marks of Sallie Mae Bank. All other names and logos used are the trademarks or service marks of their respective owners.

SLM Corporation and its subsidiaries, including Sallie Mae Bank, are not sponsored by or agencies of the United States of America. W646400 0325

Fixed APR 3.49% - 15.49%¹

Variable APR 4.99% - 15.51%¹

Cosigner Recommended

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¹Student Loan Rate Disclosure: Variable interest rates range from 4.99% - 15.60% (4.99% - 15.61% APR). Fixed interest rates range from 3.99% - 15.60% (3.99% - 15.61% APR).

²Automatic Payment Discount: Borrowers will be eligible to receive a 0.25 percentage point interest rate reduction on their student loans owned by Citizens Bank, N.A. during such time as payments are required to be made and our loan servicer is authorized to automatically deduct payments each month from any bank account the borrower designates. Discount is not available when payments are not due, such as during forbearance. If our loan servicer is unable to successfully withdraw the automatic deductions from the designated account three or more times within any 12-month period, the borrower will no longer be eligible for this discount.

³Loyalty Discount: The borrower will be eligible for a 0.25 percentage point interest rate reduction on their loan if the borrower or their co-signer (if applicable) has a qualifying account in existence with us at the time the borrower and their co-signer (if applicable) have submitted a completed application authorizing us to review their credit request for the loan. The following are qualifying accounts: personal checking, personal savings, personal credit card or previous student loans owned by Citizens Bank, N.A. Please note, our checking and savings account options are only available in the following states: CT, DC, DE, FL, MA, MD, MI, NH, NJ, NY, OH, PA, RI, VA, and VT and some products may have an associated cost. This discount will be reflected in the interest rate disclosed in the Loan Approval Disclosure that will be provided to the borrower once the loan is approved. Limit of one Loyalty Discount per loan and discount will not be applied to prior loans. The Loyalty Discount will remain in effect for the life of the loan.

⁴Get My Rate: Selecting “Get My Rate” only requires a "soft credit pull" which does not affect your credit score. Submitting a full application will result in an inquiry on your credit report.

⁵Citizens Undergraduate Booked Loans from 10/1/2023 through 9/30/2024 were 4 times more likely to be approved with a qualified cosigner.

⁶Multi-Year Approval: Funds available for future use are subject to a soft credit inquiry at time of your next request to verify continued eligibility. After we make the initial Loan to you, you must continue to meet eligibility criteria to obtain additional funds under the Multi-Year Approval feature. Terms and conditions are outlined in the promissory note. Multi-Year Approval borrowers have a 99% approval rate on future requests for additional funds. The additional funds approval rate is based on the percentage of approved Multi-Year borrowers from Citizens between October 1, 2023 and October 1, 2024. The approval rate represents only borrowers who had previously accepted the Multi-Year Approval offer. Please Note: International students are not eligible for Multi-Year Approval.

Information advertised valid as of 05/01/25. Rates and offer subject to change. All accounts, loans and services subject to individual approval.

Fixed APR 3.47% - 17.99%¹

Variable APR 4.44% - 17.99%¹

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How Much Does Medical School Cost?

According to the Association of American Medical Colleges' (AAMC) Tuition and Student Fees Questionnaire, paying for medical school could cost anywhere between $33,290 and $91,557 per year. It's a wide range because factors like residency status, school of choice, need for health insurance, fees, etc., will vary from student to student. This is why it is so important to evaluate your financial aid options before making any final decisions on how to best pay for medical school. Becoming a doctor may enable you to earn that six-figure salary, but do know that it is common for medical school graduates to finish with six-figure debt. Based on a report by EducationData.org, the average medical school debt is $215,900, and that doesn’t include debt students may have beforehand.

Financial Aid for Medical School

In this section, we cover the various forms of financial aid that aspiring doctors can pursue to soften the burden of paying for medical school.

Medical School Loans

While it’s true that loans can be used to pay for medical school, the type of loans you use could have a huge impact on your ability to pay them later. Depending on your situation, you may need to take out federal loans, private student loans, or a combination of both. This is why it’s so important for you to explore your financial aid loan options, and we dive into that next.

Federal Loans for Medical School

Many medical school students choose to use federal student aid to pay for medical school through federal loans, which are generally preferable to private loans. Federal loans have more loan repayment options and loan forbearance options which some medical students take advantage of during residency. Federal loans also allow for debt consolidation which can lower your payment on your federal loans, but consolidation will not lower your interest rate.

Direct Unsubsidized Loans

Sometimes referred to as Stafford Loans or Direct Stafford Loans, Direct Unsubsidized Loans do not require you to demonstrate financial need to receive one. Because these Direct Loans are unsubsidized, you must pay back all of the accrued interest.

Health professional students (aspiring doctors included) may borrow up to $40,500 per year in Direct Unsubsidized loans. The aggregate borrowing limit is $224,000 and the fixed interest rate for the 2024 - 2025 academic year (for loans first disbursed between July 1, 2024 and June 30, 2025) is 8.08%. There is also an origination fee, or “loan fee,” to borrow funds, which is 1.057%*.

PLUS Loans

Direct PLUS loans are fixed rate loans used to cover the difference between other sources of funding and the cost of attending medical school. When the Direct PLUS Loan is made to a graduate or professional student, it’s called a grad PLUS loan, whereas when it’s made to a parent, it’s usually referred to as a parent PLUS loan. When you get a PLUS Loan, your lender is the U.S. Department of Education (ED). To receive a PLUS Loan, you must have your credit checked by ED to determine if you have adverse credit history. If you do, you might still be eligible if you meet additional eligibility requirements.

With Direct PLUS Loans, you can borrow up to the cost of attendance minus other aid. The cost of attending medical school is determined by the school and includes tuition, fees, books, supplies, room and board, transportation and personal expenses. Direct PLUS loans have a fixed interest rate at 9.08%, and the origination fee is 4.228%* for academic year 2024 - 2025.

*For loans disbursed from Oct. 1, 2024 - Sept. 30, 2025

HRSA Loans

HRSA Loans, or Health Resources and Services Administration Loans, are long-term and low interest loans offered by schools to students with financial need pursuing a degree in the health profession. There are four (4) programs:

Health Professions Student Loans (HPSL)

These loans are for full-time or part-time students pursuing one of the following degrees: Doctor of Dentistry, Bachelor or Doctor of Science in Pharmacy, Doctor of Podiatric Medicine, Doctor of Optometry, and Doctor of Veterinary Medicine. A school is eligible as long as it offers degrees in one of the following disciplines: Podiatry, Dentistry, Optometry, Pharmacy, and Veterinary.

Loans for Disadvantaged Students (LDS)

These loans are available to students pursuing one of the following degrees: Doctor of Allopathic Medicine, Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine, Doctor of Dentistry, Bachelor or Doctor of Science in Pharmacy, Doctor of Podiatric Medicine, Doctor of Optometry, and Doctor of Veterinary Medicine. A school is eligible as long as it offers degrees in one of the following disciplines: Allopathic/Osteopathic, Podiatry, Dentistry, Optometry, Pharmacy, and Veterinary.

Nursing Student Loans (NSL)

These loans are for full-time students pursuing a medical education that results in an associate degree, baccalaureate degree, or graduate degree. A school is eligible as long as it offers a degree in nursing.

Primary Care Loans (PCL)

To qualify for these loans, med students must be pursuing a doctoral degree in Allopathic medicine or Osteopathic medicine. A school is eligible as long as it offers a degree in allopathic and osteopathic medicine.

Private Loans for Medical School

Once you’ve exhausted your federal student loan options, you may find that you still have funding gaps. Private student loans can help. While private student loans should be a last resort, and don’t offer the same benefits and protections as federal student loans, they come with their own set of unique benefits which often include:

Competitive interest rates (apply with a creditworthy cosigner for the best possible rates)
Interest rate deduction for automatic payments
Low or no application or origination fees
Flexible payment terms
Multiple repayment options
Apply in just a few minutes

We recommend comparing lenders to find the student loan that is right for you.

How to Get a Full Ride to Medical School

If you’re wondering if it’s possible to get a full ride to cover medical school, we’ll be optimistic but realistic. First, you don’t have to rely entirely on loans to cover the expenses associated with a medical degree. There are scholarships, fellowships and even a small—albeit growing—population of tuition free medical schools. Second, gift aid may be available to medical students, but most programs do not cover all medical school costs. So, there may still be a gap. Below is a helpful breakdown of popular programs offering financial assistance that does not have to be repaid.

Scholarships for Medical School

Scholarships are another way to help pay for medical school. What makes scholarships great is that they don’t have to be repaid. Earning scholarships might allow you to take out fewer loans and worry a little less about paying them back. Medical school scholarships are similar to other scholarships, varying from partial tuition to full tuition. For example, the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania awards about 30 full tuition scholarships annually through their Twenty-First Century Scholars Program, and on top of that, there are other scholarships offered by the school.

As mentioned before, scholarships, whether full or partial, can make a huge difference in paying for medical school. With this in mind, we wanted to highlight some lucrative scholarships for medical school students below:

AMA Foundation Physicians of Tomorrow Scholarship Program

This program features several $10,000 scholarships for med students entering their last year of medical school.

Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) Loan Repayment/Forgiveness/Scholarship and Other Programs

This resource lists scholarships and state-specific repayment and forgiveness programs. Use their filtering features to see if you're eligible for any of these awards.

Herbert W. Nickens Medical Student Scholarships

Five $5,000 scholarships are awarded to third-year medical school students who have demonstrated leadership in overcoming inequities in medical education and healthcare.

National Health Service Corp Scholarship Program (NHSC SP)

This program awards scholarships to eligible students pursuing primary care health professions training who commit to work at least two (2) years at an NHSC-approved site in a HPSA, or Health Professional Shortage Area. Scholarship amounts cover partial or full tuition for a school year.

U.S. Air Force Health Professions Scholarship Program Scholarships

These are full-ride scholarships for US citizens enrolled in or possessing a letter of acceptance from an accredited medical school (MD or DO) in the US or Puerto Rico. After graduation, recipients serve one year of active duty for each year of the scholarship (minimum three years of service).

U.S. Army Health Professions Scholarship Program

This scholarship program awards its recipients a full-tuition scholarship, monthly stipend of $2,200+, $20,000 sign-on bonus, monthly allowance for food and housing, books, equipment, etc.

U.S. Department of Labor

CareerOneStop is the U.S. Department of Labor’s scholarship search tool that consists of over 8,000 scholarship, fellowship, and grant opportunities you can explore.

U.S. Navy Health Professions Scholarship Program

This program offers tuition assistance for a maximum of four years of school, a $2,200 monthly stipend, and a $20,000 sign-on bonus. It is solely for Medicine and Dentistry, and to apply, students must work directly with a Navy Medical Programs Recruiter because no online application exists.

Medical School Fellowships

Like scholarships, fellowships do not need to be paid back. The major difference between fellowships and scholarships is that fellowships are geared towards graduate and professional school students as opposed to undergraduates. This is great news for medical school students.

CDC Epidemiology Elective Program (EEP)

This 6- or 8-week program allows medical and veterinary students to get invaluable experience while being mentored by CDC experts. In order to be eligible, students must be currently enrolled in a US accredited medical or veterinary school and have completed at least 2 years of coursework.

National Medical Fellowships

The National Medical Fellowships (NMF) organization is a great resource for underrepresented students pursuing careers in healthcare. In addition to scholarships, students can discover service-learning programs that connect them with mentors.

Tuition Free Medical School

Tuition-free medical schools are becoming more prevalent year after year. While it’s true that these medical schools can provide a big break for medical school students, do note that tuition free and full ride are not synonyms. There may be additional expenses to cover including living expenses, books, etc.

Also, in some cases attending medical school tuition free means that there may be additional conditions in exchange for not having to pay tuition. For example, the Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine offers a full scholarship that covers tuition and fees to all of its students; however, there is an additional research thesis year which makes the program a five-year one. It’s important to weigh your options, so make sure you read the fine print and know what you’re agreeing to. Below you can find some tuition-free medical schools in the US:

New York University (NYU)

NYU offers full-tuition scholarships to all current and future MD students. Merit or financial need are irrelevant, but students must maintain satisfactory academic progress in accordance with the medical school’s policy.

The Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS)

USUHS provides students with a free medical school education in exchange for a seven-year active duty military commitment.

UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine

The UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine awards merit-based scholarships to approximately 25% of current UCLA medical students. Financial need is not considered for eligibility. The scholarship covers in-state tuition and includes a living stipend to offset other expenses.

Weill Cornell Medicine (WCM)

WCM covers the tuition for medical students who demonstrate financial need. For WCM, this is determined by subtracting the expected family contribution (EFC) from the cost of attendance (COA).

Residency Relocation Loans

You may find yourself in need of a residency or relocation loan from a private lender after completing your medical degree. This is mainly because federal student aid ends after you finish med school. But obviously, the expenses don’t stop once you crush your med school finals. You still have to complete your residency which may also require relocation. But it’s not like dollars are rolling in the door during this time. Fortunately, private student loans come in the form of residency and relocation loans.

Enter your school name below to find lenders that offer medical residency and relocation loans.

Medical School Loan Repayment

As you try to figure out strategies on how to pay back your medical school loans, know that you’re not alone. Other students have had similar questions, and fortunately, there are resources available to help you make a plan and move forward.

Could student loan refinancing save you money?

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Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC)

One popular free resource we recommend is the AAMC's FIRST program, which stands for Financial Information, Resources, Services, and Tools. The FIRST program can help you make more informed financial decisions when applying, attending, and leaving medical school. There, you will find helpful fact sheets, webinars, videos, articles, etc. You will need to create an account with AAMC to access the free products and services.

On the other hand, there are plenty of options for paying back your medical school loans. In general, you’ll have your choice between traditional repayment plans and income-driven repayment plans.

Traditional Repayment Plans

The standard repayment term is 10 years, but extended repayment plans are available as well depending on how much you owe. A general rule of thumb here is that the longer your repayment term is, the more you will pay in interest over the course of the loan, and the shorter your repayment term, the larger your monthly payments.

Income-Driven Repayment Plans

These repayment plans typically use a portion of your income to pay for your loan. Many borrowers benefit from this type of repayment strategy because the monthly payment is lower than the Standard Repayment plan; however, borrowers should be wary of this strategy because more interest is paid under these plans in comparison to the standard 10-year repayment plan.

All in all, it's important to have a plan before jumping into repayment because Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) can be a game changer for aspiring doctors with federal student loans.

AAMC Medloans® Organizer and Calculator

To access the premium version, you will have to be enrolled in medical school. You must register for AAMC in order to save your information. Check out the Medloans^® Calculator.

Federal Student Aid Loan Simulator

You can estimate your payments under each repayment plan on the federal website. Estimate under income-driven repayment plans, PSLF, and more.

Medical School Loan Forgiveness

Knowing that you can have a portion of your federal student loans forgiven can be a sigh of relief for medical school students and aspiring doctors. Student loan forgiveness isn't just limited to medical school debt, but it may include undergraduate debt as well (if applicable). With this in mind, you may want to consider the diverse programs that deal with student loan forgiveness.

PSLF for Doctors

The Public Service Loan Forgiveness Program, PSLF Program, enables students who borrowed Federal Direct student loans to have the outstanding balance on their direct loans forgiven following making 120-qualifying monthly payments. Continue reading to see if you qualify because you might be able to have a huge portion of your federal loans forgiven.

Verify that your federal student loan is eligible. Only Direct Loans qualify for the PSLF program. Perkins Loans, Federal Family Education Loans (FFEL), and private loans are NOT eligible.
If it turns out that you have federal loans that aren't Direct Loans (like Perkins or FFEL loans) you still have options. After consolidating those loans with a federal Direct Consolidation Loan, you could qualify for PSLF after you have made 120-qualifying monthly payments on the newer consolidated loan.
To qualify for PSLF as a health professional or doctor, you must have full-time employment with a qualifying employer. Government organizations (military included), 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organizations (including eligible hospitals), and other eligible not-for-profit organizations that provide certain qualifying public services, are among qualifying employers.
Make the 120 qualifying monthly payments. Which payments qualify? Those that are made:
1. After October 1, 2007
2. Under an eligible repayment plan
3. For the full amount due as indicated on your bill
4. No later than 15 days after the due date
5. While employed full-time with a qualifying employer (you must apply forgiveness while you're still employed full-time with a qualifying employer)
Repay your Direct Loans under an eligible repayment plan, namely a 10-year standard repayment plan or income-driven repayment plan.
Note: If your end goal is PSLF, be careful when selecting a repayment plan. If you go with the 10-year standard repayment option, you will not have any outstanding balance left to be forgiven because the 10-year plan has 120 monthly payments. Remember, this is the same number of necessary payments to qualify for PSLF. Because of this, repaying under an income-driven repayment plan is preferred for those wanting to qualify for PSLF.

Parent PLUS Loan Borrowers: Federal Direct Parent PLUS Loans are only eligible for PSLF after being consolidated and repaid under an income-contingent repayment plan. This stipulation exists for Parent PLUS Loans, but it does not for Grad PLUS Loans, though both are Direct PLUS Loans.
Complete an annual Employment Certification Form (ECF). Although this is not a requirement for PSLF, it is recommended because of the nature of the ECF. The U.S. Department of Education uses it to verify your progress to student loan forgiveness. Get an ECF document from the U.S. Department of Education's PSLF Help Tool and have your employer certify it.
Submit your PSLF application to the U.S. Department of Education. Do this when you have successfully made the 120-qualifying monthly payments. You can partially finish your application with the PSLF Help Tool.

Before moving on, we want to emphasize student loan consolidation and what it means for PSLF. Ineligible federal student loans can be made eligible for PSLF if you take advantage of federal loan consolidation. The only catch to this is that once consolidation occurs, any payments made up to that point would not count towards the 120 qualifying monthly payments. This is why knowing your options ahead of time is significant. If you would like to consolidate your federal student loans, it is better to consolidate earlier than later because an earlier consolidation enables you to get to your goal of 120 qualifying monthly payments faster, potentially saving you tons of money in the long run.

There are additional programs to help make dents in your student loans.

National Institutes of Health (NIH) Loan Repayment Programs

In exchange for committing to conduct NIH related research, qualified health professionals can have up to $50,000 of their qualified educational debt repaid per year.

National Health Services Corps Loan Repayment Assistance

Primary care medical professionals, in exchange for two years of full-time or half-time service in a qualifying urban, rural, or tribal community, can receive awards up to $50,000 to repay their student loans.

National Defense Student Loan Discharge (NDSLD)

Federal Perkins Loan holders may experience some debt relief with this program. If you served in an armed forces location defined as hostile-fire or imminent danger, 50% to 100% of your Federal Perkins Loan may be forgiven. Do note that this does not apply to other student loans, and Federal Consolidation Loan is no exception, though it includes a Federal Perkins Loan. Reach out to your loan servicer to find out more information and see if you qualify. Lastly, be prepared to send a copy of your DD214 armed forces discharge form.

Refinance Medical School Loans

Refinancing your student loans might be just what the doctor ordered. We work with some of the best lenders in the industry to provide you with the best refinancing options, rates, programs, and more. Consolidation and refinancing generally permits you to save money with lower interest rates. You can learn more about your options by reviewing our preferred lenders.

Federal consolidation and private student loan refinancing are not the same. As a matter of fact, private student loan refinancing is the only way to combine federal and private loans, or have a parent released from being a cosigner on your loan(s). For more details, check out "Should I Consolidate My Student Loans?"